What is Broadbent's theory of attention?

Table of Contents:

1. What is Broadbent's theory of attention?
2. What are the theories of attention?
3. What is the bottleneck theory of attention?
4. What is filter attenuation theory?
5. What is the filter theory in psychology?
6. What is attenuation in psychology?
7. What are the 3 types of attention?
8. What are some real life examples of selective attention?
9. Why is attention important psychology?
10. What are the two types of attention?
11. What are the characteristics of attention?
12. What is attention according to psychology?
13. What are different levels of attention?
14. What is an example of attention?
15. What is the spotlight theory of attention?
16. What is the spotlight metaphor?
17. What is Spotlight model?
18. What is covert attention?
19. What is a divided attention task?
20. What does covert orienting mean?
21. What is the difference between overt and covert attention?
22. What is covert behavior?
23. What is overt and covert?
24. What is endogenous attention?
25. What is the difference between endogenous and exogenous attention?
26. Why is it called endogenous?
27. What is the difference between exogenous and endogenous cues?
28. What does exogenous mean in psychology?
29. What are exogenous cues?
30. What is endogenous attention quizlet?

What is Broadbent's theory of attention?

" Broadbent's theory predicts that hearing your name when you are not paying attention should be impossible because unattended messages are filtered out before you process the meaning - thus the model cannot account for the 'Cocktail Party Phenomenon' " This is wrong. 'listeners select auditory stimuli for processing.

What are the theories of attention?

A "hugely influential" theory regarding selective attention is the perceptual load theory, which states that there are two mechanisms that affect attention: cognitive and perceptual. The perceptual considers the subject's ability to perceive or ignore stimuli, both task-related and non task-related.

What is the bottleneck theory of attention?

The bottleneck theory suggests that individuals have a limited amount of attentional resources that they can use at one time. Therefore, information and stimuli are 'filtered' somehow so that only the most salient and important information is perceived. This theory was proposed by Broadbent in 1958.

What is filter attenuation theory?

a version of the filter theory of attention proposing that unattended messages are attenuated (i.e., processed weakly) but not entirely blocked from further processing.

What is the filter theory in psychology?

Filter theory is an explanation of attraction proposed by Kerchoff and Davies (1962). This theory suggests that people develop relationships by applying a series of filters, such as similarity of social demographic factors and attitudes and complementarity of needs to narrow down the pool of available candidates.

What is attenuation in psychology?

Quick Reference. Any theory of attention according to which information that is not attended to is processed, though at a shallower level of processing than the information receiving attention. The mechanism that implements this process is called an attenuating filter.

What are the 3 types of attention?

Focused Attention: Refers to our ability to focus attention on a stimulus. Sustained Attention: The ability to attend to a stimulus or activity over a long period of time. Selective Attention: The ability to attend to a specific stimulus or activity in the presence of other distracting stimuli.

What are some real life examples of selective attention?

Here are some everyday examples of selective attention: Listening to your favorite podcast while driving to work. Having a conversation with a friend in a crowded place.

Why is attention important psychology?

Attention plays a critical role in almost every area of life including school, work, and relationships. It allows people to focus on information in order to create memories. It also allows people to avoid distractions so that they can focus on and complete specific tasks.

What are the two types of attention?

By definition, external attention (also described as "selective attention") protects working memory against sensorial distractors of all kinds, while internal attention (also called "inhibition") protects working memory against emotional impulses, irrelevant information from memory, and automatically-generated ...

What are the characteristics of attention?

Following are the characteristics of attention:

• Attention is selective.
• Attention has shifting nature.
• Attention has cognitive, affective and conative aspects.
• Attention has narrow range.
• Attention increases of clearness of the stimulus.
• Attention needs motor adjustment.

What is attention according to psychology?

Attention, in psychology, the concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli.

What are different levels of attention?

Lesson Summary There are four different types of attention: selective, or a focus on one thing at a time; divided, or a focus on two events at once; sustained, or a focus for a long period of time; and executive, or a focus on completing steps to achieve a goal.

What is an example of attention?

Attention is defined as the act of concentrating and keeping one's mind focused on something. A student seriously focusing on her teacher's lecture is an example of someone in a state of attention. ... Her smile caught my attention.

What is the spotlight theory of attention?

According to the spotlight theory of visual attention, people can attend to only one region of space at a time Eriksen and St James 1986, Posner et al. 1980. ... People can shift their spotlight of attention from location to location, independent of eye position, and adjust the size of the attended region like a zoom lens.

What is the spotlight metaphor?

Spotlight metaphor According to the 'spotlight' metaphor, the focus of attention is analogous to the beam of a spotlight. ... This suggests that the focus of visual attention is limited in spatial size and moves to process other areas in the visual field.

What is Spotlight model?

a model of visual attention that likens the focus of attention to a spotlight. Information outside of the spotlight is presumed not to receive processing that requires attention.

What is covert attention?

Two types of attention are discussed: covert attention is defined as paying attention without moving the eyes; overt attention is defined as selectively processing one location over others by moving the eyes to point at that location.

What is a divided attention task?

Divided attention occurs when mental focus is directed towards multiple ideas, or tasks, at once. This skill is also known as multitasking, which people often carry out without realizing it. A great example of this would be singing along to a song while driving a car.

What does covert orienting mean?

the shifting of attentional focus independently of the direction of gaze. Covert orienting can be shown by improved detection or identification of target stimuli at a cued location in the absence of eye movements.

What is the difference between overt and covert attention?

Overt attention is direct focus or when an individual has their eyes directly focused on something. The other type, covert attention, is seeing something peripherally on which the gaze is not directly focused. Peripheral vision is how far vision extends from the center of focus.

What is covert behavior?

behavior that is not directly observable and can only be inferred by the observer or reported by the subject. For example, imagining something is covert behavior. See also private event.

What is overt and covert?

The term 'overt' means visible or apparent. The term 'covert' means hidden or concealed. Overt behaviors can be observed. Covert behavior cannot be observed. Overt behaviors are in the form of actions or verbal expressions.

What is endogenous attention?

In endogenous control, attention is directed toward the stimulus voluntarily, usually by interpreting a cue that directs one to the target, whereas in exogenous control, attention is automatically drawn towards a stimulus The neural mechanisms in the brain have been shown to produce different patterns of activity for ...

What is the difference between endogenous and exogenous attention?

The ability to focus attention is a central feature of human cognition. ... Goal-driven attention is referred to as top-down or endogenous attention, whereas stimulus-driven attention is referred to as bottom-up or exogenous attention, being driven by external events in the environment (e.g., Posner & Cohen, 1984).

Why is it called endogenous?

Exogeny refers to coming from the outside. ... In geology, exogenous processes come from forces on or above the Earth's surface. Processes caused by forces from within the Earth are endogenous processes. Exo is a prefix meaning "out", and endo is a prefix meaning "in".

What is the difference between exogenous and endogenous cues?

Endogenous cues (used in Experiment 1) refer to visual stimuli which are only symbolic of a target location (i.e., a rotating arrow at the center of the screen pointing to a specific location), or (Experiment 3) numbers flashed in locations of placeholders, and exogenous cues (used in Experiment 2) refer to visual ...

What does exogenous mean in psychology?

In attentional psychology, exogenous stimuli are external stimuli without conscious intention. An example of this is attention drawn to a flashing light in the periphery of vision. ... In materials science, an exogenous property of a substance is derived from outside or external influences, such as a nano-doped material.

What are exogenous cues?

a cue, usually the onset of a stimulus in the peripheral visual field, that draws attention automatically to the location of the stimulus. It initiates involuntary movement of attention. Compare endogenous cue.

What is endogenous attention quizlet?

Endogenous attention is voluntary and directed by the mind (top down attentional control) - consciously direct attention to a particular aspect of the environment.